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🧭 Roadmap: From Core Java to Spring Cloud Microservices
Here's a carefully ordered list of essential topics with a brief explanation of each.
1. Java Fundamentals (already known by you)
✔️ OOP, Collections, Exceptions, Threads, Lambdas, Streams.
🔹 2. Spring Core (Foundation of all Spring modules)
Inversion of Control (IoC) - Core principle of Spring's bean management.
Dependency Injection (DI) - How Spring wires components.
ApplicationContext & Bean lifecycle - Understand how beans are created, managed.
@Component, @Service, @Repository, @Autowired - Key annotations for building Spring components.
🔹 3. Spring Boot (Rapid Application Development)
Auto Configuration - Spring Boot does a lot for you behind the scenes.
Spring Boot Starter Projects - Easy dependency management.
application.properties / YAML - Externalize configuration.
Profiles (dev, test, prod) - Handle different environments easily.
🔹 4. RESTful Web Services with Spring Boot
@RestController, @RequestMapping - Build APIs.
HTTP methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE) - CRUD operations.
Request/Response handling (DTOs) - Best practices in API design.
Exception handling - Use @ControllerAdvice for global error handling.
🔹 5. Spring Data JPA
Repositories (JpaRepository) - Simplifies DB access.
Entity mapping - Map Java objects to database tables.
Custom Queries (JPQL/Native) - Write custom DB operations.
🔹 6. Microservices Fundamentals
Monolith vs Microservices - Understand why and when to use microservices.
Service Independence & Deployment - Each service runs independently.
Stateless Communication - Microservices don't store session state.
Challenges: Discovery, Load Balancing, Failover - Key concepts you will solve with Spring Cloud.
🔹 7. Spring Cloud Microservices Core Concepts
Spring Cloud Config - Centralized configuration for all microservices.
Service Discovery with Eureka - Services can find each other dynamically.
API Gateway (Spring Cloud Gateway) - Single entry point to route requests to services.
Feign Client - Declarative REST client for service-to-service calls.
Circuit Breaker (Resilience4j) - Handles service failure gracefully.
Load Balancing (Spring Cloud LoadBalancer) - Distributes traffic between service instances.
Tracing & Monitoring (Zipkin/Sleuth) - Tracks requests across services.
Security (OAuth2/JWT) - Secure your microservices architecture.
🔹 8. Docker & Containerization
Dockerize Spring Boot App - Run your app in containers.
Docker Compose - Manage multiple services easily.
🔹 9. CI/CD (Optional, Advanced)
GitHub Actions / Jenkins - Automate testing & deployment of microservices.
Kubernetes (Optional) - Container orchestration at scale.